Distribution system.



J. H. HALL.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.

1 APPLICATION FILED 001 .2, 1911.

Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

h/ 0w ii/Vt 1 WITNESSES ATTORNEY unrrED STATES PATENT curios.

JAY H. HALL, or CLEVELAND. OHIO, assrenoa TO THE ELEo'rmo CONTROLLER AND- MANUFACTURING COMPANY. or CLEVELAND, OHIO, a oonroaarron or OHIO.

.DIS'IllEtIBU'TION SYSTEM.

10699780 Specification of Letters Eatent. Patented Aug. 12,1913.

1 Application filed October-2, 1911. Serial No. 652,236.

shown as a generator with the armaturel, the series field 2, and the shunt field 3. It will be understood that a battery or other source could be substituted for the generator, if so desired. The overload circuit 60 breaker'at the power house is shown at i and the main line switch at .5. The system is shown supplying the group of lamps 7, the group of motors 8, 9, and 10,"and the motor 11. The motor 8 is shown as a shunt wound 65 motor with asimple starting rheostat and the winding 8 connected across the supply mains for holding the rheostat in the'full. running'position, which is the position of least resistance in the armature circuit. 7c The motor 9 and its starter are similar to the motor 8 except that the holding winding 9* is shown connected in series with the armature. Motor 10 is shown as connected to any of the, well-known automatic 2'5 starters, shown diagrammatically at 10, nearly all of which starters have some means of holding the starter in the position of least resistance for running.- If an of the well' known hand-operated controllers are used, such as for machine tools, it. is usual to de end upon the operator to return the control er to the oil position i'ncase of a failure of voltage on the supply mains. The motor 11 has a starter with the holdingwinding 11' connected in-the circuit of the shunt field. Any one of the motors may be assumed to have the greatest fly-wheel eilect, such as for instance the motor 11. I have not shown the customary knife 90 switches, fuses, etc, that are put in for convenience at any art of the system.

Located pre erably near the ,circuit breaker 4c and the main switch 5, I show the controller for stopping the motors when the 95 circuit breaker opens due to either art overload or an ,underload. This device consists of the switchesllQ, 13, 14 and 15, and the resistances 16, 17, 18. The switch 12 has an operating windin of high resistance which 199 becomes energize upon the opening of the circuit breaker i. This is accomplished in the arrangement shown by connecting the winding to'the terminals of the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker is closed 105 the winding is short-circuited, and as soon as the circuit breaker opens the winding is subjected to approximately full line voltage, musing the SWllll'l 19 to close. This places a shunt across the supply mains-on the mc-l To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that I, JAY H. HALL, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyah'oga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful 1m 4 rovements in Distribution Systems, of which the following is a specification.

In industrial plants where a large number of motors are operating from one general system of distribution, the opening of the power house circuit breaker cuts oil' the source of supply from all the motors and operations must cease until all the motors .have stopped, the circuit breaker has closed,

and the motors have restarted.

' Nearly all shunt-wound motors have starting devices which are held in the position of least resistance in the motor" circuit until the voltage on the line becomes very.

20 low. Since the motorfields are connected in shunt with their respective armatures, the motors willgcnerate current, due to the flywheel efiect of the machines they have been driving, and return power to the system.

For this reason some motors having a heavy ilyewhcel eiiect will maintain the voltage on the line for a,considrable time and the switchboard operator at the power house must, therefore, wait some three or four 39 minutes before resetting the circuit breaker.

' He must arbitrarily set a time long enough for the longest running motor to practically stop, or run the danger of closing the circuit with one or n'iore motors connected directly across the supply mains with no resistance in the armature circuits and the motors running at a very slow speed. When frequent operations of the circuit-breaker occur, a great loss in time is occasioned from 40 waiting for the motors to come to rest.

One of the objects of my invention is to cause all the motors in a systerii toslow down as quickly as possible after the opening of a c rcuit breaker in the supply mam from which they are energized.

Another object is to ive an indication to.

the switchboard atten ant that the motors have stop ed, that he may know when to reset the circuit breaker.

' To describe in invention more in detail,

T will refer to t e accompanying drawing, which is a wiring din rain showing a system 0i distribution supp y'zng power for light,

motors and other translating devices.

In the drawing the source of supply is turdation.

ings tit-the switches 10,

tor side'of the circuitbreaker including the res stances 11%, 13,18. The switches 131 14;, 15 have their windings adopted to be connected in the. circuit to lie-controlled, and

arranged to cause the closure or? the switches in autornetic progression. Each of these switches of the type of switch described in ll. ll. Canficlds applications, Serial Number 583,009, filed September 21,110,and Scriul Nunibeuoflefill, filed January 23, 1911, and in Eastwoods- Patent, No. 1,640,292, granted October 8, 1912. in these applications and in this patent, particularly in Fig.

of the machines they have been driving, will flow through this shunt. This produces u dynamic braking effect which slows down the motors and thereby reduces the voltage generated, by them. Assume that the instant of closure of the switch 12 the current supplied to the resistances, 16,17, 18, and the winding of the switch 13 is sutiicient to lock the switch 13 open. The current will gradually decrease as the motors slow down until it reaches a certain value which the switch 13 will operate, whereupon it will close its contacts, short-circuit the resistmice 16 and energize the winding of the switch 1 1. The cutting out of the resistance 16 increases the current gen'ereted by the motors in the system increasing their re This current flowing through the winding of the switch 14- locks the switch open until it decreases due to the slowing down of the motors until the value is reached which will operate the switch 1%, whereupon the switch 1 1. .will close, short-circuit the resistance 17, and. energize the winding of the switch 15. The current generated by the motors is again raised by the cutting out oi the resistance 17, and their retardation is further increased. lln like the switch 15 will close when the current in its winding has decreased to "proper value, thus shortcircuiting the resistance 18 and leaving in circuit only bile wind- "4, 15. The motors which are practically in a short circuit ouiclrly brought to standstill or cut oil the line by their respective controlling devices. As soon es the current ceases the wineiii'igs oi the switches .18, 1 1, 15, hecorne end these switches iell' one thereby indicating to tondcnt thathe may The attendent opens oser so fiswhereupou tihewinding oi the switch 12 1s deenergized and the switch 12'opens. The circuit breaker i and the main switch 5 are then closed. The closure of the circuit breaker short-hire its the winding of the switch 12, thereby preventing the closure of the switch 152-until the circuit breaker again opens.

have shown but one set of supply mains leading from the terminals the generator, but it will be understood-thatany number can be connected thereto, each supplied with a circuit breaker and slowing-down device for-the motors in that circuit. A small switch 6 can be inserted in the circuit of-the winding of the switch 12, by. which the attendant can open the switch 12 before he resets the circuitbreaker, whereby the switch 5 may remain closed or be omitted.

The nuniherfl'oi retardation switches, of which l'huve shown but three, can be increased or diminished as the conditions warrant, and other methods of controlling the switch 12 can he used to cause it to close on the opening'oiithe circuit breaker, without departing from the spirit of my invention. Any 01: the well known systems of retardation can-also be substituted in place of the switches 13, 14, 15 here shown. A manually operated device could be used if so desired. My invention can also be" used to quickly slow down a group of motorsin case of accident, or any other emergency, by providing a circuit breaker of any oi": the well known types which can be opened at will either by hand or from distance.

1 clairn- 1. A system of distribution, a source of supply therefor, e plurality of motors, means connecting said motors to the system, meens for independently controlling the current in each motor, and means for simultaneously controlling the current generated by all the motors when the said system is disconnected from the source.

2. The combination oi a system of distribution, source oat supply, a plurality of moto insane independently connecting each motor the system, a circuitbreaker for disconnectin he system from the source,

' I sing s. circuit including cans end the motors seeker opens.

r 8. on a. generator of electricity, u conductors leading therefrom, a circuit breaker for connecting said generator to troller for each rector, an automatic slowdown device which operates independct seid motor controllers to control thecurront generated by said motors when the the conductors, s plurality of ,rno'tors connected to said conductors, a connecting each motor to the system, and means,

when the systemds disconnected from the said source, for closing a circuit into which current generated by the said. motors may flow, said current from each motor passing through the said switch connecting it tolthe system. 1 p

6. The c mhination with a system of distribution, a source of supply therefor, a plurality of motors, and means for independently connecting each motor to said system, of a switch forconnecting aresistance to said system so as to control the current generated by all the motors passing through the said connecting means. 7. The combination with a system of distribution, a source of supply therefor, a plurality of motors, and means for independently connecting each motor to said system,

of a switch for connecting a resistance to said system so as to control the current generated by all the motors passing through the said connecting means, and means for closing said switch when the system is disconnected from the said source.

The combination of a system OfjfCllS Copies of this patent may be ebteinc for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

'tributioma source of supply, a plurality of motors, means connecting each motor to the system, a switch for disconnecting the system from the source and moans automatically operated, when said switch opens,

for connecting a resistance to the system' through which may flow the current generated by the said motors.

9. The combination of a system of distribution, a source of supply, a plurality of 5 motors, means connecting each motor to the system, a switch for disconnecting the system from the source, means automatically operated, when said switch opens, for connecting a reslstance to the system through which may flow the current generated by the said'motors,'and .means for automatically decreasing said resistance. y

10. The combination of a system of distribution, asource otsupply, a plurality of motors, means connecting each motor. to the system, a switch for disconnecting the sys tem from the source, means automatically operated, when sald switch opens, for connecting aresistance to the system through WhlCh may flow the current generated by. the said motors, and means for cutting out portions" of said resistance as the motors slow down.

Signed at Cleveland, Ohio, 'tl1is'29th day as of September, 1911.

. JAY 1-1.. HALL;

Witnesses:

'R. H. BENNETT,

H. M. Brennan. 2

Washington, 3. C. 

